ButtonBoxes
The buttonbox is used for time accurate(1ms) button press registration. We use it to register buttonpresses, soundkey, voicekey signals and to send tone onset, analog output, triggers with the BITSI protocol. It is suitable for Behavioral, EEG, MEG, and fMRI experiments. The buttonbox is connected to a computer with a usb connection.
The output connector has two binary eight bit ports: input and output. The two ports can be used for responses (input) and stimulus triggers (output). Two 8 bits analog outputs and three 8 bits analog inputs. The output connector has a sound and voicekey which triggers when a amplitude reaches a threshold. By using the serial port, the BITSI can be used platform independently: it works on Windows, Linux and Mac OSX. Most programming environments and stimulus packages support serial communication.
BITSI Protocol
BITSI stands for Bits to Serial Interface. Because the BITSI is designed to interface both in- and output signals, the 'protocol' is asymmetric: the input and output protocols differ.
Input
The input port can be used to interface eight buttons maximally. Button presses are translated to serial output characters/bytes according to the following table:
| BITSI Simple | ||
|---|---|---|
| Signal/Button | ASCII (rise/fall) | Code (rise/fall) |
| 1 | A / a | 65 / 97 |
| 2 | B / b | 66 / 98 |
| 3 | C / c | 67 / 99 |
| 4 | D / d | 68 / 100 |
| 5 | E / e | 69 / 101 |
| 6 | F / f | 70 / 102 |
| 7 | G / g | 71 / 103 |
| 8 | H / h | 72 / 104 |
| Soundkey | S / s | 83 / 115 |
| Voicekey | V / v | 86 / 118 |
This means that when signal 1 gets active(button press), a capital A will be sent to the serial port. A lowercase 'a' will be sent when the signal is deactivated(button release). Mechanical buttons can be connected directly.
Output
Output knows two protocols: BITSI simple or BITSI extended. To enter a certain protocol two buttons have to be pressed when the BITSIbox is powered. Press button H and A for simple mode and H and B for extended mode.
If no button is pressed when powered it boots the last known protocol. In the simple protocol every byte sent to the BITSI over the serial port, is represented at the 8 bit output.
The extended protocol uses two bytes(or two characters), this combination can access two analog outputs and a tone generator. The first byte selects the output. The second byte determines the value written to this output.
| BITSI Extended | ||
|---|---|---|
| Function | Byte 1 (ASCII/code) | Byte 2 |
| Marker Out | M / 77 | Marker Value |
| Pulse Out | P / 80 | Marker Value |
| Pulse Time | T / 88 | ms before pulse reset |
| Analog Out 1 | Y / 89 | Analog Output Value |
| Analog Out 2 | Z / 90 | Analog Output Value |
| Tone | T / 84 | Start Tone |
| Detect Sound | D / | S / 83 |
| Detect Voice | D / | V / 83 |
| Calibrate Sound | C / | S |
| Calibrate Voice | C / | V |
| Analog In 1 | A / | 1 |
| Analog In 2 | A / | 2 |
| Analog In 3 | A / | 3 |
| Analog In 4 | A / | 4 |
| LEDs Off | L / | X |
| LEDs Input | L / | I |
| LEDs Output | L / | O |
Port Settings
Trigger port
The 25 pins female connector has 8 inputs and 8 outputs, respectively 1-8 are inputs and 9-16 are outputs. Three analog input with an analog to digital convertor of 12 bit, pins 17,18,20 and 21. Two analog outputs with an digital to analog convertor of 12 bits on pins 22 and 23.
Serial port
Our hardware design allows to be connected to the computers USB and emulates a serial communication Port.
| Baudrate | 115200 |
| Parity | None |
| Data bits | 8 |
| Stop bits | 1 |
| Flow control | None |
USB-Com port
1.Connect the BITSIbox to your computer using the USB cable.
2.When you connect the BITSIbox, Windows should initiate the driver installation process (if you haven't used the computer with an BITSIbox board before).
3.On Windows Vista/7, the driver should be automatically downloaded and installed.
4.On Windows XP, the Add New Hardware wizard will open:
- When asked Can Windows connect to Windows Update to search for software? select No, not this time. Click next.
- Select Install from a list or specified location (Advanced) and click next.
- Make sure that Search for the best driver in these locations is checked; uncheck Search removable media; check Include this location in the search and browse to the c:/beheer/arduino/drivers directory.
- The wizard will search for the driver and then tell you that a "USB Serial Converter" was found. Click finish.
- The new hardware wizard will appear again. Go through the same steps and select the same options and location to search. This time, a "USB Serial Port" will be found.
How to Check the Com Port settings(important!)
- From the Start menu, open the Control Panel.
- From the control panel, open the System window.
- From the system properties window, go to the Hardware tab and click the Device Manager button.
- From the Device Manager window, click Ports (Com&LPT). You should now be able to see which Com Port the USB adapter is assigned to.
- If the Com Port is 10 or higher, you will have to change it to a lower port.
- From the Device Manager window, click on USB Serial Port (Com#). Click the Port Settings tab of the USB Serial Port Properties window, and then click the Advanced button.
- In the Advanced Settings window, use the scroll input to select a Com Port (select 10 or lower). Change Receive (bytes) and Transmit (bytes) to 64. Change the Latency Timer to 1.
- Click the OK button.
Always connect the usb device to the same port and your settings will be remembered.
Software Settings
Neurobs Presentation
The experiment files needs a few settings for the device to work:
- In the settings tab: port -> input port -> 1 must be the device that identifies itself as "Arduino Uno" in the device manager. Note that the port must have a number not higher than 10 (COM1-COM10). Use re-enumerate if it is higher.
- Rate must be set 115200, Parity to None, Data Bits to 8 and Stop Bits to 1, Uncheck FIFO Interrupt.
Python/PsychoPy
Download this site package to use the buttonbox: rusocsci
Example using buttons from the buttonbox in Python:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# import the rusocsci.buttonbox module
from rusocsci import buttonbox
# make a buttonbox
bb = buttonbox.Buttonbox()
# wait for a single button press
b = bb.waitButtons()
# print the button pressed
print("b: {}".format(b))
Example using markers with the buttonbox in Python:
#!/usr/bin/env python # import the rusocsci.buttonbox module from rusocsci import buttonbox # make a buttonbox bb = buttonbox.Buttonbox() # wait for a single button press bb.sendMarker(val=100) #This is your marker code, range code 1-255
Example using the Buttonbox in PsychoPy:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# import psychopy and rusocsci
from psychopy import core, visual
from rusocsci import buttonbox
## Setup Section
win = visual.Window(monitor="testMonitor")
bb = buttonbox.Buttonbox()
text = visual.TextStim(win, "Press a button on the buttonbox")
## Experiment Section
# show text
text.draw()
win.flip()
# wait for response
b = bb.waitButtons()
# show response
text.setText("you pressed: {}".format(b))
text.draw()
win.flip()
core.wait(5)
## Cleanup Section
core.quit()
For more documentation click here: http://pythonhosted.org//RuSocSci/index.html
Matlab
function handle = buttonbox(cmd,varargin)
% to initialize connection:
% define settings as structure with fields:
% bb.Device = 'COM2';
% bb.BaudRate = 115200;
% bb.DataBits = 8;
% bb.StopBits = 1;
% bb.Parity = 'none';
% handle = buttonbox('open',bb)
%
% to run:
% buttonbox('run',handle);
%
% to close the connection:
% buttonbox('close',handle);
persistent old_hdl % keep handle to COM object persistent
% set defaults
bb.Device = 'COM2';
bb.BaudRate = 115200;
bb.DataBits = 8;
bb.StopBits = 1;
bb.Parity = 'none';
if nargin < 1
cmd = 'open';
end
if nargin > 1
% user overwrites default settings
flds = fields(varargin{1});
for n = 1 : numel(flds)
bb.(flds{n}) = varargin{1}.(flds{n});
end
end
switch cmd
case 'open'
% get handle to serial device
handle = open_buttonbox(bb);
return
case 'close'
if nargin > 0
handle = varargin{1};
else
handle = old_hdl;
end
fclose(handle);
return
case 'run'
% read incoming data
if isempty(old_hdl)
help serial_buttonbox_common
error('Buttonbox not yet initialized');
end
handle = old_hdl;
otherwise
fprintf('Unknown option %s\n',cmd);
return
end
% only gets here when cmd = 'run'
% Initialize output figure
win = list_output(' ',[]);
while 1
% Exit if user closed output figure
if ~ishandle(win)
return
end
% start polling for characters (indicating start of scan)
navailable = handle.BytesAvailable;
if navailable
data = [];
while navailable
% read incoming data
[newdata, cnt] = fread(handle, navailable);
% concatenate possible new data
if cnt
data = [data newdata(:)];
end
% check if any more data left
navailable = handle.BytesAvailable;
end
% output info about which button was pressed
for n = 1 : numel(data)
line = sprintf('incoming: %03d %s',data(n),char(data(n)));
list_output(line,win);
end
end
pause(0.01);
end %while 1
function hdl = open_buttonbox(device)
% open handle to serial device (mini buttonbox)
try
hdl = serial(device.Device, 'Baudrate', device.BaudRate, 'DataBits', device.DataBits, 'StopBits', device.StopBits, 'Parity', device.Parity);
fopen(hdl);
catch
if ~isempty(old_hdl)
fclose(old_hdl);
delete(old_hdl);
end
hdl = serial(device.Device, 'Baudrate', device.BaudRate, 'DataBits', device.DataBits, 'StopBits', device.StopBits, 'Parity', device.Parity);
fopen(hdl);
end
old_hdl = hdl;
fprintf('Wait for device buttonbox....\n');
tic
while hdl.BytesAvailable && toc<10
navailable = bbox.BytesAvailable;
% wait for welcome message device
fread(hdl, navailable);
end
pause(0.5);
end
function win = list_output(line,win)
persistent ptr
persistent lines
persistent edt
Maxlines = 40;
if isempty(win)
% initialize listbox output figure
lines = cell(1,Maxlines);
[lines(1:end)]=deal({''});
ptr=Maxlines;
lines(ptr) = {'Buttonbox output:'};
idxs = mod(ptr:ptr+Maxlines-1,Maxlines)+1;
win = figure();
% initialize figure to hold output text
edt = uicontrol('Parent',win,'Style','ListBox','HorizontalAlignment','left', ...
'Max',Maxlines,'BackgroundColor',[1 1 1],'Visible','on','String',lines(idxs), ...
'FontSize',12,'Value',Maxlines);
pos = get(win,'Position');
set(edt,'Position',[1 1 pos(3) pos(4)]);
end
ptr = mod(ptr,Maxlines)+1; % start
lines{ptr} = line;
idxs = mod(ptr:ptr+Maxlines-1,Maxlines)+1;
set(edt,'String',lines(idxs),'Value',Maxlines);
drawnow;
end
end